Technology of compound film preparation reachs accept rice its are doing the application in coating of type cutting cutting tool

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Coating of film of 1 foreword horniness can reduce the attrition between cutting tool and workpiece, reduce process of cutting tool cutting to wear away mediumly, improve the service life of cutting tool significantly, because this is applied at cutting tool coating widely. In the preparation of traditional coat, CVD of deposit of chemical gas phase and PVD of deposit of photograph of content regulating the flow of vital energy and removing obstruction to it (evaporate plating, splash shoot, ionic plating) the main technique that still is preparation of cutting tool coating. Use CVD technology to be able to be in hard alloy but the monolayer such as TiN of implementation of surface of dislocation cutting tool, TiC, TiCN, TiBN, TiB2, Al2O3 and multivariate and multilayer the deposit of compound coating; Use PVD coating technology to be able to establish getting of milling cutter, broach, a flight of stairs, oily Kong Zuan, reamer, tap in hard alloy, but cutting tool of dislocation mill razor blade, abnormity, solder the exterior preparation such as cutting tool a variety of coating. The application that reachs machining center as machine tool of numerical control of of all kinds and efficient, high speed, high accuracy, gain ground and of green production concept put forward, machine the treatment of material to need to satisfy the difficult cutting of all sorts of tall hardness, tall tenacity, dry cutting technology more and more be taken seriously by people, also raised taller requirement to technology of cutting tool coating and coating material at the same time. Accept rice film complied with the to cutting tool new requirement below dry cutting condition, the application in because film of this accept rice reachs his,doing cutting cutting tool becomes the research heat that at present preparation of cutting tool coating reachs domain of exterior project technology. The research of technology of film of 2 accept rice reachs the development occurrence as accept rice material, accept rice is filmy (coating) the technology also gets corresponding development. At this late hour, already changed accept rice to the research of compound film from the accept rice film of single material, the ultrathin film that filmy ply also develops to count accept rice by several micron. At present already the film of preparation has Ti (N, c, CN) , (V, al, nb) N, Al2O3, SiC and Cu, Ni, Al, Ag, Au, diamond. Among them TiN, Al2O3, TiC is more typical exceed putamen, its are microscopical hardness is HV1950, HV3000 and HV3200 respectively, fight grinding order is TiC>TiCN>TiN>Al2O3. These film serve as in domain of cutting tool, small machine, microelectronics wear-resisting, anti-corrosive coating and other function coating obtain important applying. Wait from Veprek S put forward to exceed good offer rice since the concept of compound film, to accept the research of compound film causes rice to take seriously extensively more. Exceed good offer rice compound film has effect of exterior anti-friction, wear-resisting, can improve attrition deputy athletic dependability and life, achieve as identical as tall alloy material much better even use effect, achieve material of energy-saving, section and the goal that improve efficiency. Accept rice is compound film is by two kinds different material is comprised, these two kinds of material can be Na Mijing / Na Mijing, also can be Na Mijing / the condition that be not brilliant, the particle size of every kinds of material is in 3 ～ 10nm. In method of compound and filmy preparation, deposit of plasma chemistry gas phase (PACVD) apply the earliest at preparation Nc-TiN/Si3N4, Nc-TiN-BN and Nc-TiAlSiN film. If the person such as Veprek S and Shizhi L uses PACVD method, it is reaction gas with SiCl4, SiH, TiCl4, H2, in 550 ～ the deposit temperature of 600 ℃ issues preparation Nc-TiN / α - Si3N4 is filmy. But gas of the reaction in preparation process can corrode film and equipment, have cause an environment to pollute even the danger of fire. Generally speaking, temperature of need of CVD deposit technology amounts to 600 ℃ of 500 ～ in order to make Na Mijing of bead grow, and exorbitant deposit temperature can create problem of the demote below precision of base material bate, dimension, because this restricted accept rice badly the application of compound film. Consider to make clear, the low speed that grain dimension assures while the key of compound film depends on preparation accept rice forming nucleus quickly grows. Because this is the integral function after assuring laminating not to come,drop, reduce deposit temperature to become its technology key. Current experiment makes clear, magnetism accuses to splash shooting a technology is the method with microtherm the most effective deposit. So, current research basically is using magnetism to accuse to splash rice of accept of preparation ejaculation a way centrally compound film. If react magnetism accuses to splash,shoot deposit and extensive at preparation MeC/DLC applying (kind diamond carbon film) , me to transfer the metal is like Ti to wait. Use this kind of technology, its deposit temperature but under 150 ℃ . The person such as P of á of Karv á Nkov applies lopsided magnetism to accuse to splash shoot technical preparation ZrN-Ni and CrN-Ni accept rice compound film, matrix temperature is mixed for 300 ℃ respectively 200 ℃ ; Through preparation the experiment returns discovery, when matrix temperature prep above when 400 ℃ , the hardness that synthesizes film can be reduced. The hardness of compound to accept rice film affects temperature of this shows deposit very big. Musil J uses diametical 100mm plane globose lopsided magnetism accuses a canal, in always press 0.

To TiAl alloy target undertakes splashing ejaculation in the Ar of 5Pa and Ar+N2 gas mixture, n2 cent presses successive change to bring about film structure and microscopical hardness changes apparently, acquisition Nc-TiAlN/AlN accept rice is compound film is microscopical hardness is as high as 47GPa, and have high stretch return (74% ) . In the meantime, of a variety of technologies compound in accept rice an unique dominant position also is reflected in compound and filmy preparation (if magnetism accuses,splash the union that shoots law and pulse laser technology) . The person such as Voevodin A A uses pulse to stimulate optical deposit technology (PLD) accuse to splash with magnetism shoot technical photograph union to part preparation compound film of rice of accept of TiC/DLC, WC/DLC/WS2. Because use this kind of compound technology to make the matrix when deposit lukewarm,spend under 100 ℃ , consequently this law becomes rice of accept of preparation W-C-S series the main method of compound film. The person such as Meng W J uses radio frequency coupling to assist (ICP) PVD/CVD technology and reaction magnetism accuse to splash shoot technical photograph to combine preparation Ti/ α - C:HCompound film also obtains accept rice favorable result. Because the methodological technology such as PVD, CVD is sophisticated, cost is high, unfavorable use at rice of accept of large area preparation compound film, come nearly more than 10 years accordingly, abroad has to electrodeposit legal system material of accept rice crystal had more research, home also began the research of this respect in last few years. Electrodeposit law because equipment maturity of simple, craft, low temperature and parameter can accuse to wait for outstanding advantage and be taken seriously gradually. Electrodeposit method experienced dc, pulse and the development of alternative eject electrodeposit, at present already can the film that preparation gives all sorts of ply. The data of electrodeposit accept rice that already studied has nickel, copper, cobalt to wait, among them the compound deposit that nickel reachs nickel radical alloy is most get attention, deposit already material has Ni-P, Ni-Fe, Ni-Cu, Ni-Mo, Ni-SiC, Ni-Al2O3, Ni-ZrO2 to wait. In layer of thin metal of the electrodeposit on matrix (ply 100 μ M is the following) it is the application with electrodeposit the widest technology in order to improve exterior performance. The layer of accept rice structure of electrodeposit, have tall wear-resisting, be able to bear or endure corrode sex while, have tall hardness and as wonderful as matrix adhesion again, can regard good protection as film; What provide some low wear rate and inferior coefficient of friction, can use at requirement tall wearability while ask again the circumstance of low coefficient of friction, the exterior coating that is like engine of cutting tool material, car and hydraulic pressure piston. The report makes clear, in recent years a lot of investigator use sol - gel legal system had accept rice is filmy. Because the precursory body of sol is OK extract and its collosol - gel process falls in normal temperature but fluid photograph becomes film, uses device is simple, the operation is convenient, have chemistry metric than accusing easily, component the even, area that become film is large wait for an advantage and be used extensively at filmy preparation. Compound film basically has the accept rice that already used this law preparation at present Co (Fe, ni, mn) / SiO2, cdS (ZnS, pbS) / SiO2. Chen Yuanchun with respect to sol - cutting tool of hard alloy of coating of alumina of gel law preparation undertook study, the ply that can win monolayer gel film is in less than of rice of hundreds of accept. Test result specification issues sol in dry cutting position - the life of coating cutting tool that gel legal system gets is compared not coating cutting tool rises one times the left and right sides. Film of 3 accept rice is doing the uses coating technology development in type cutting cutting tool is one of fundamental conditions that treatment of dry type cutting is able to popularize application. In process of dry type cutting, the cutting tool coat that has accept rice film can have apparent effect: ① is in cutting tool and by cutting separator is formed between material; ② is conducted to the heat of bit from cutting area through restraining will reduce thermal shock; ③ reduces attrition force and attrition heat. Cutting tool passes coating processing, can realize solid to lubricate, reduce attrition and felt, make cutting tool absorbs quantity of heat to decrease, can bear higher cutting temperature. Current, use close magnetism of field blame balance accuses to splash shoot (CFUMS) technology, can besmear on hard alloy cutting tool and HSS broach clothe B4C/W is multilayer accept rice coating. Coating total number of plies 100, every are by ply 13 dust B4C coating material and 18 dust composition of W coating material. Below the cutting speed of 105m/min, use B4C/W respectively multilayer cutting tool of accept rice coating and not coating cutting tool, common only coat (TiAlN) cutting tool, 3 coating (TiC/TiCN/TiN and TiC/Al2O3/TiN) cutting tool undertook to medium carbon steel contrast experiments doing cutting. Test result makes clear, of cutting tool of accept rice coating hind knife face wear extent is compared not 3 coating cutting tool reduces coating cutting tool and commonly used TiC/Al2O3/TiN greatly. In addition, as the extension of cutting time, the cutting force of cutting tool of accept rice coating and not 3 coating cutting tool and photograph of TiAlN coating cutting tool compare coating cutting tool, TiC/TiCN/TiN to also be reduced significantly. The experiment says palpability is used further close magnetism of field blame balance accuses to splash the cutting tool coating that shoots technical production to have repeatability good, coating and matrix bonding strength taller, coefficient of friction is small wait for a characteristic, have longer service life in dry cutting consequently. The 2 vulcanization molybdenum with layer crystal shape has lesser coefficient of friction, it is commonly used solid lubricant. Become MoS2 and combination of heat-resisting metal Mo compound coating MoS2/Mo, have the effect of exceedingly good anti-friction heat-resisting. Investigator uses structure of coating of MoS2/Mo double material to be in preparation of HSS broach surface the layer is thick 80 dust, total ply is 3.

2 μ M (in all 400) accept rice coating. With this coating broach and not coating HSS broach undertook TI6Al4V alloy workpiece does cutting contrast to experiment. The experiment is φ with broach diameter 9.

5mm, nominal getting cuts speed 2200rpm. Test result makes clear, not when coating broach is gotten, because get,cut force to increase quickly, in bringing about broach to block workpiece; Measure multilayerly when broach of accept rice coating is gotten auger cut force to reduce about 33% , getting identically cut time internal energy to assure to be gotten normally cut, auger cut function remarkable excel not coating broach. The cutting tool of accept rice coating that the specification uses structure of coating of MoS2/Mo double material is the ideal cutting tool that applies to dry cutting. In addition, rice of accept of Fu of besmear of cutting tool surface (Ti50Al45Si5) N, (Ti50Al45Si5) N+ (Ti80Al15Si5) N and Ti-B-N4 are planted accept rice is compound after coating, the cutting that undertakes to workpiece of ASTM1043 standard steel experiments (cutting speed is 150 ～ 310m/min, cut deeply 2mm, feed is 0.

219mm/rev) also show rice of these a few kinds of accept is compound coating has extremely exceedingly good wearability in test of high speed cutting, can use the coating data that makes dry cutting cutting tool. 4 look into filmy technology development is at present rapid, the film of place preparation is thinner and thinner, grain dimension the research target that the film of 1 accept rice is film of preparation accept Mi Chao; Because onefold coating material is satisfied hard,raise cutting tool the requirement of integrated and mechanical function, because this is contented cutting doing type to machine the requirement to coating, appeared the preparation craft of diversification, and forward the much group of the compound, chemical constituent of a variety of technologies yuan change wait for directional development; Coating craft temperature will be lower and lower, craft of cutting tool coating will develop to more logical way. Undoubted, the research of these filmy new technologies and development, very wide application perspective is had in preparation of cutting tool coating, but the mainstream technology that craft of PVD, MTCVD still is preparation of cutting tool coating. CNC Milling CNC Machining